Web Presentation Guide 5.1
Navigation

Action
Create Web sites that are easy to navigate. Plan and design for clear and consistent navigational links.

Why
A well-planned navigation scheme will allow a user to interact with a Web site and find content easily.

What/How
A web visitor must be able to navigate a web site without being required to understand the structure of the organization. Consistent navigation will reflect and clarify the site's organization and information architecture.
  • Present consistent navigational choices throughout the site to help users understand and learn its structure.
    • Place primary and important links on every page, in the same location, and in the same sequence.
    • Ensure that the user's current location in the site is clear and obvious, relative to the organization and hierarchy of the site's major categories.
  • Provide a link to the home page on every page. At a minimum, add a "Home" text link in a consistent location on every page within your website. In addition, link your organization's logo to the homepage.
    • Consider placing the organization's logo (linked to the home page) in the page header.
  • Adopt a consistent approach that focuses on site visitors' goals and interests. Consider both their roles in relation to your site and the tasks that they hope to accomplish.
    • Provide visitors with clear and simple navigation paths to complete tasks and accomplish goals.
    • Use multiple navigation paths (e.g. search, index, menus, etc.) to provide different users with different ways to access the information, depending upon their needs and background knowledge.
    • Use a combination of task-based and role-based navigation systems to provide a wide range of typical site visitors with obvious and direct ways to quickly find what they are looking for.
      • Task-based: Use hyperlink text that describes in short, simple, and intuitively obvious terms the specific task that a user can accomplish via that link (e.g. "Start a business" or "Find a job.")
      • Role-based: Use hyperlink text that describes in short, simple, and intuitively obvious terms the typical role of the users who are targeted by that link (e.g. "For Homeowners" or "For Employers.")
  • Use clear, specific, and informative terms for the text in hyperlinks. Avoid generic and/or uninformative link text such as "Click here."
  • Provide unambiguous visual cues that will help users to determine where they are on the site and readily identify the options that are available from that location. Common methods include:
  • Provide a topical index, site map, and/or internal site search function.
  • Use the page title tag to provide a concise, meaningful description of content.
  • Provide alternatives to the browser back button for navigation.
  • Perform navigation testing with typical users.
    • Ensure that the navigation scheme works for specified target audiences by usability testing. See Usability for more information.
Checklist: Navigation
TopicComplete
a. Make sure link text accurately describes the destination page.
b. Design web sites so that they are easy to navigate.
c. Provide a topical index, graphical site map and/or internal site search.
d. Provide obvious links and/or navigation buttons to the home page.
e. Provide an easy way to identify the current page, relative to site layout.
f. Use the page title tag to provide a meaningful indicator of its content.
g. Provide multiple methods of navigation.
h. Perform navigation testing with typical users.
i. Ensure the navigation works for specific target audiences.
j. Use visual cues that are consistent and obvious to the user to identify navigation options.
k. Avoid using "click here" and other generic, non-descriptive terms in link text.



Resources
Navigation Stress TestBy Keith Instone, a user-experience expert.
Guidelines for Visualizing LinksDesign recommendations for links by Jakob Nielsen.
Information ArchitectureArticles on navigation as information architecture.
Web Design PracticesHeidi Adkisson's web design overview with a strong emphasis on navigation.


Related guide topics

 

| Home | Privacy | Site Map | Copyright © 2008 by DIS